Introduction
Summary of the book Alibaba’s World by Porter Erisman. Before moving forward, let’s briefly explore the core idea of the book. Imagine standing before a locked door that promises a land of endless growth, prosperity, and transformative change. The key to that door isn’t magic or luck—it’s knowledge, courage, and curiosity. This book’s chapters reveal lessons inspired by Alibaba’s dramatic rise: how a humble team used big dreams to outsmart giants, how trust overcame skepticism, and how empathy conquered cultural barriers. Within these pages, you’ll learn that building a great business means listening closely to customers, facing challenges with creativity, finding strength in teamwork, and embracing the world beyond your borders. You’ll discover that what seems like an impossible problem can become a golden opportunity. By exploring Alibaba’s story and immersing yourself in these insightful lessons, you’ll gain the confidence to reimagine the future—one bold decision, one shared value, and one long-lasting relationship at a time.
Chapter 1: Reaching Beyond Traditional Boundaries To Spark A Business Dream That Soars Higher Than Expected Horizons.
Imagine standing in a small, stuffy apartment where the walls are scuffed, the furniture is simple, and the people around you are buzzing with nervous excitement. This was the scene in the late 1990s when a former English teacher named Jack Ma brought together a handful of friends and former students in Hangzhou, China. At that time, almost no one in the country trusted the internet enough to buy something online. Online shopping sounded strange, even laughable, to most people. Yet, these first brave souls who gathered with Jack Ma saw in the silent hum of dial-up modems and clunky computers the outlines of a future no one else dared to imagine. There, amidst the cramped conditions and lingering uncertainty, a seed was planted. This seed would soon sprout into a business that challenged giant competitors and grew into a remarkable global success story.
The spark that ignites a lasting business dream often comes from seeing possibility where others see only walls. Instead of feeling intimidated by the fact that only about one percent of the Chinese population used the internet, Jack Ma’s team saw potential. While countless people were too shy or too scared to trust an online platform, this new group believed that with patience, honesty, and customer understanding, they could change minds. They viewed the internet not as a passing fad, but as a powerful tool that could connect people who had never met, help small shop owners sell beyond their neighborhoods, and allow curious buyers to find what they wanted without leaving their homes. This dream demanded the courage to ignore naysayers, leap over tradition, and explore a digital space that was unfamiliar, daunting, and filled with invisible risks.
Starting a business requires more than just a clever idea. It demands a fearless willingness to step outside comfortable routines and enter a marketplace where big players already dominate. Many aspiring entrepreneurs shrink back, convinced they cannot compete with global giants such as eBay, Amazon, or Google. But Alibaba’s journey shows that if you truly believe in your vision, there is always room to innovate and stand out. In fact, the presence of huge, well-established competitors can be strangely encouraging. It suggests that a market does exist, and people are interested in what that industry offers. By learning from what big rivals do right—and also what they do wrong—entrepreneurs can adapt, evolve, and carve out their own niche. Alibaba proved that with enough determination, a newcomer could not just survive but eventually shape the entire landscape of online commerce.
The process of reaching beyond boundaries is not just about entering a crowded market; it’s about daring to redefine the rules of that market. When Jack Ma founded Alibaba in 1999, China’s e-commerce scene was almost non-existent. Most ordinary citizens had never even considered making a purchase through a computer screen. It seemed unrealistic to trust a faceless vendor on the internet, especially when shaking hands with business partners in person was seen as essential. But Alibaba dared to challenge traditional habits and encourage people to embrace change. They took the idea of buying and selling online—something that felt foreign—and patiently introduced it through relatable services and simple online tools. Their success began the moment they decided not to be intimidated by the unknown but to treat it as an exciting frontier waiting for exploration, growth, and discovery.
Chapter 2: Designing A Company That Endures By Embracing Long-Term Vision, Patience, And Steadfast Principles.
A business that lasts is more than a passing wave; it’s like a mighty tree with deep roots. Early on, Jack Ma had a bold goal for Alibaba’s lifespan: not a quick profit within a few seasons, but the hope that the company would last for at least 80 years, and later he even stretched that ambition to 102 years—crossing three centuries. This remarkable timeline was not a random boast; it was a statement of purpose. Building a lasting enterprise means being patient, thinking far ahead, and making sure every decision strengthens the company’s foundations. By aiming to outlive its founders and possibly its first customers, Alibaba rejected the idea of a speedy exit strategy. Instead, they focused on sustainable growth, resisting the temptation to sell out early or chase short-term gains that might harm the brand’s future.
Designing a sustainable company requires constant balance between innovation and stability. It means carefully choosing when to take big leaps, like going public, and when to wait, gather strength, and refine strategies behind the scenes. Alibaba faced this when Jack Ma considered taking the company public as early as 1999. He held off until he was certain that the move would push the company forward rather than expose it to risks it could not handle. Postponing important steps, even if they seem profitable, can protect a company’s integrity and set it on a path that supports growth for decades. Each deliberate decision, guided by a long-term vision, helps a business mature at a healthy pace, instead of bursting onto the scene and quickly fading away. Sustainable businesses think beyond the next quarter’s results and keep the far horizon in sight.
Another cornerstone of longevity is staying true to the company’s identity and culture. As a business grows, it is tempted to bend itself into different shapes to please investors, partners, or foreign markets. But if it twists too much, it risks losing what made it special in the first place. Alibaba learned this when it faced a high-stakes negotiation with Yahoo! China. Yahoo! demanded that the merged entity be named Alibaba Yahoo! near the final stages of their deal. This demand might have seemed minor from a purely financial angle, but Ma realized it would shatter the company’s image in its home market. Instead of caving to pressure, he stood firm, showing that protecting the company’s reputation and cultural roots mattered more than a quick, showy agreement. Ultimately, Yahoo! relented, and Alibaba kept its name, values, and dignity intact.
This long-term thinking also extends to how a company interacts with customers and communities. A lasting enterprise invests in relationships that are not easily broken. It nurtures trust, consistently delivers quality, and listens attentively to feedback, even if that feedback is uncomfortable. The idea is not to chase quick wins but to build a cycle of improvement and care that customers can rely on for years. Alibaba’s story encourages entrepreneurs to think beyond today’s revenue and consider how their actions will be remembered decades from now. By planting seeds of trust and watering them with honesty and responsibility, a company can grow into a respected giant. In the end, longevity emerges from a combination of patience, strong values, wise decision-making, and the unwavering belief that greatness comes from steady, careful growth rather than hasty, short-lived gains.
Chapter 3: Listening To The Hidden Whispers Of Your Customers’ True Needs And Desires For Lasting Bonds.
Customers rarely wave a big sign to tell you exactly what they need. Instead, their needs, doubts, and hopes live quietly in their minds, often unspoken. A successful business, however, knows how to listen carefully and understand these hidden whispers. Early in its journey, Alibaba experimented with various strategies—partnering, seeking global expansion too soon, and trying offices abroad—all in an effort to satisfy investors and find quick revenue streams. But these early attempts faltered because the company hadn’t yet found the core customer insight that would guide its efforts. Eventually, they realized that fear and distrust were the main barriers holding back Chinese consumers from buying online. People worried about hidden scams and unfamiliar sellers. To unlock e-commerce’s potential, Alibaba needed to soothe these anxieties by proving it was a trustworthy platform worthy of their confidence.
Once Alibaba understood that trust was the key, it developed authentication services and tools to reassure buyers and sellers. Verifying identities, confirming the quality of products, and ensuring smooth communication helped ease fears. On Taobao, Alibaba’s consumer-to-consumer platform, they took this insight a step further. Instead of mimicking sleek Western websites, Taobao created an environment that felt friendly, lively, and personal—more like wandering through a vibrant marketplace than scanning through sterile product listings. A live chat application, Wang Wang, allowed people to talk directly with one another, ask questions, share stories, and build a sense of connection. This direct communication helped users feel safe, understood, and involved, turning hesitant visitors into loyal participants and eventually enthusiastic advocates of online shopping.
Customer insights must also align with the realities of the market. Alibaba recognized that if they started charging users too soon, customers might never give the platform a fair chance. At a time when the internet was still new to most Chinese citizens, asking for payments upfront was risky. Instead, Alibaba offered its services for free at the start, letting people explore, learn, and grow comfortable with the idea of buying and selling online. Later on, when the market matured and trust was firmly established, the company introduced premium services without scaring away its fan base. This careful approach matched the cultural habit of trying something first before committing money. By respecting customers’ preferences, Alibaba strengthened its presence in their minds and hearts, showing that profit was a result of serving their needs rather than a goal pursued at their expense.
Even when a company understands customer needs, it must adapt and remain flexible as times change. Consumer behavior evolves, new tools emerge, and what delights shoppers today might bore them tomorrow. Alibaba’s journey shows that companies must constantly refine their approach, regularly collecting feedback and interpreting signals from the market. That means paying attention to complaints, celebrating small victories, and always thinking about how to solve problems that seem complicated. Each challenge is another chance to deepen customer loyalty. When a company truly listens to its audience, it can anticipate problems, roll out solutions before customers start looking elsewhere, and remain their preferred choice. This approach not only helps the business survive, it helps it flourish and stand apart as a trusted companion in a world where so many firms fail to understand what people genuinely want.
Chapter 4: Transforming Obstacles Into Mighty Springboards That Propel Ambitious Businesses Into New Realms.
No business journey unfolds smoothly. Along the way, entrepreneurs encounter countless bumps, twists, and unexpected turns. While many people view these challenges as reasons to give up, truly successful entrepreneurs see them as opportunities to innovate. When Alibaba first launched, it faced a market where few believed e-commerce would ever work. Instead of treating this as a dead end, Jack Ma and his team viewed it as fertile ground waiting to be cultivated. With a billion people in China, even if most were skeptical, there was a tremendous well of untapped potential. This mindset changed everything. Where others saw a tiny internet user base, Alibaba saw room to grow. Where others worried that people would never trust online sellers, Alibaba saw a chance to create tools and services that would turn doubt into confidence.
Sometimes the difficulties lie not in customer behavior but in the environment shaped by laws, regulations, and government officials. Foreign technology giants, such as Google, struggled to meet China’s complex requirements and grew frustrated by censorship or regulatory hurdles. Instead of throwing up their hands in defeat, Alibaba worked patiently within these constraints. They understood that to succeed in this unique setting, they had to respect local ways of doing things. By focusing on what good they could achieve—jobs for citizens, opportunities for small merchants, improved accessibility for distant communities—Alibaba found a way to influence how local authorities perceived the internet. Its presence and positive impact slowly encouraged officials to soften their stance, making the digital environment friendlier over time. Rather than letting restrictions block their path, Alibaba used patience and empathy to shape a more open playing field.
Some obstacles come suddenly, striking like a bolt of lightning. In 2003, the SARS epidemic hit China, forcing millions of people to stay indoors and avoid public gatherings. For many businesses, this spelled doom. Shops closed, streets emptied, and fear gripped entire cities. But Alibaba’s team refused to let panic guide their actions. When one employee fell ill with SARS, the rest of the staff were quarantined at home. Instead of surrendering to despair, they worked tirelessly from their apartments, keeping the website alive and fully functional. As people became too afraid to shop outside, they discovered that online shopping was safer and surprisingly convenient. Alibaba’s platform suddenly welcomed a flood of new users who gave it a try because physical markets were too risky. A terrifying health crisis turned into a turning point that boosted Alibaba’s growth.
The lesson here is that hardships, no matter how severe, can be flipped into stepping stones if a company is determined, flexible, and creative. Every time Alibaba faced a seemingly impossible situation—be it a mistrustful market, regulatory barriers, or a health emergency—it asked, How can we turn this around? By continuously searching for angles that others ignored, Alibaba gained an advantage. This approach helped them not only survive moments of chaos but emerge stronger and better prepared. Entrepreneurs who adopt a similar mindset understand that challenges are a natural part of building something valuable. Obstacles force teams to rethink strategies, sharpen their focus, and innovate in unexpected ways. Overcoming these trials cements a company’s reputation, shows its resilience, and ultimately becomes part of the story that inspires future generations of risk-takers and dreamers.
Chapter 5: Embracing Rivalry And Turning Fierce Competition Into Your Greatest Source Of Inspiration And Growth.
The business world is crowded. Inevitably, competitors will notice any success you have and try to enter your space. But competition is not a threat to be feared; it’s more like a rival athlete pushing you to run faster and jump higher. When Alibaba entered the market, it faced towering giants like eBay. Many would assume that dealing with established powerhouses makes life difficult. But this competition actually highlighted ways Alibaba could stand out. By carefully observing what big rivals offered, Alibaba identified what was missing—simple trust-building tools, local understanding, and a platform suited to Chinese cultural habits. Rather than copying others blindly, Alibaba used competition as a mirror, reflecting back what the market desired but could not yet find. This helped them develop a unique, strong identity instead of becoming just another version of an existing giant.
To outshine larger rivals, Alibaba’s Taobao platform encouraged buyers and sellers to interact more personally. In many Western online marketplaces, people list items like garage sales, hoping someone will quickly purchase. But in China, a culture deeply rooted in personal connections, trust builds through conversation and relationships. Taobao provided live chats, allowed personal phone calls, and fostered the charm of a friendly neighborhood shopkeeper. This approach was not just an attempt to be different; it reflected a genuine understanding of cultural preferences. By doing this, Taobao established a kind of warmth and sincerity that competitors lacked. Customers soon realized that Taobao felt more welcoming, reassuring, and human. This culturally attuned strategy did what pure imitation could never accomplish—it made Taobao the natural choice for millions of people who appreciated comfort and personal touch when shopping online.
Competition can either bring out the best or worst in a company. Some businesses get obsessed with undermining their rivals through sneaky tactics, personal grudges, or dirty tricks. But such methods rarely result in long-term success. Smart entrepreneurs see competitors as worthy opponents who provide chances to improve products, services, and customer satisfaction. During Alibaba’s growth, eBay tried underhanded tactics, like inviting Taobao managers to events and then abruptly canceling the invitations. Instead of responding in kind, Alibaba kept focusing on what truly mattered—improving its platform and offering more value to users. By resisting petty rivalries, Alibaba maintained its dignity and advanced with a clear vision. This approach eventually made them a more attractive partner in the eyes of other global companies, such as Yahoo!, which led to groundbreaking deals that forever changed the e-commerce landscape in China.
Ultimately, competition is not just about winning or losing; it’s about learning and growing. Each rival that steps onto your field offers lessons about what customers want, how markets shift, and where opportunities lie. The presence of powerful competitors forces you to stay alert, seek fresh solutions, and embrace continuous improvement. It’s like having a personal trainer who never lets you settle for being average. By treating competition as a friendly challenger rather than a menacing enemy, businesses can harness it to push themselves beyond their comfort zones. For Alibaba, learning from and responding to competitors was a crucial part of its rise. Entrepreneurs who adopt a similar perspective will find that competition makes them stronger, sharper, and more capable of offering the world something unique—just as Alibaba did, building a vibrant empire in a once-uncertain online marketplace.
Chapter 6: Leading With Bold Confidence, Inspiring Action, And Making Courageous Decisions That Shape Your Legacy.
A visionary leader stands at the heart of every great company. This leader does not hide from risk. Instead, they chart a course through uncertainty, make tough decisions, and inspire others to follow. For Alibaba, Jack Ma served as that guiding light. He was not a computer genius, nor was he gifted with unlimited resources. But he had passion, courage, and a willingness to try what others dismissed as too difficult. True leadership means feeling confident enough to break new ground, like starting an e-commerce venture in a place where online buying felt alien. Leaders dare to go against common wisdom, trust their instincts, and stick to their values. It’s not about being reckless; it’s about being unafraid to break free from safe routines and set a bold direction that might just redefine an entire industry.
Confidence is not the same as arrogance. A confident leader acknowledges uncertainty and understands that not every decision will be perfect. Still, they move forward with determination, learning from mistakes and adjusting strategies when needed. When Alibaba offered free online services in a market where others charged fees, it was a daring move that raised eyebrows. Many thought it was foolish, but Jack Ma’s confidence allowed him to see the long-term benefits. By giving people a chance to try the service without financial risk, Alibaba slowly built trust, loyalty, and a base of happy users. This strategy paved the way for greater achievements down the road. Confidence means taking the path less traveled, holding steady when critics cast doubt, and believing that ordinary people can do extraordinary things if they have a leader willing to lead by example.
Inspiring action is another quality of exceptional leadership. This involves more than giving instructions or setting rules. It means lighting a spark in every team member’s heart so they become personally invested in the company’s journey. Through speeches, personal stories, and direct involvement, Alibaba’s leadership fostered a feeling that each employee mattered. People worked long hours, sacrificed comfort, and supported one another because they felt included in something meaningful. Leaders who inspire do not rely solely on authority; they rely on trust, empathy, and shared vision. They communicate clearly, listen to concerns, celebrate small victories, and push individuals to reach their full potential. By doing so, they transform a collection of workers into a unified force capable of surmounting challenges that might crush a team lacking such emotional and moral support.
Making courageous decisions shapes a leader’s legacy. Sometimes these decisions involve painful steps, like laying off staff when finances are tight or shifting focus away from once-cherished projects. In the early days, Alibaba’s quest for survival forced tough choices. During a financially challenging period, half of the staff in the U.S. office had to be let go. Such moments are emotionally draining, but they test a leader’s resolve and clarify what the company must do to endure. Over time, a record of informed, courageous decisions builds trust and respect, encouraging everyone to believe in the leader’s judgment. This trust doesn’t emerge overnight; it grows as leaders repeatedly show that their bold actions serve the greater good of the company’s long-term future. Ultimately, by demonstrating strength, empathy, and resilience, leaders forge a legacy that motivates countless others to dream big.
Chapter 7: Forging A Team Bound By Shared Values, Deep Commitment, And Harmonious Collaboration To Achieve Greatness.
A company is not just a collection of desks and computers; it’s a community of individuals working toward a common goal. A strong team is the backbone that supports every business ambition. Success depends not merely on hiring the brightest minds, but on assembling people who can genuinely work together. When Alibaba started, it didn’t rely solely on top-tier resumes from prestigious universities. Instead, it looked for people who shared the company’s core values and were eager to learn, grow, and help each other. The finest strategy fails without a united team to carry it out. Shared values act as a glue binding everyone together, guiding actions and decisions. In the rush to expand, some forget that brilliance alone cannot overcome disunity. A truly unified team can outthink challenges, outlast difficulties, and collectively turn dreams into reality.
The importance of teamwork at Alibaba was highlighted in the early days, especially when the company’s Western-trained managers, stationed in Hong Kong, became disconnected from the original Hangzhou team. The managers’ resumes sparkled, but their isolation weakened their effectiveness. They operated as if in a different world, missing out on the day-to-day energy and insights of the main office. This taught Alibaba a critical lesson: teamwork is not automatic; it must be nurtured. Team members need to share ideas, support one another, and feel connected to a single mission. If they drift apart, even the most talented individuals cannot combine their strengths. Healthy cooperation requires open communication, mutual respect, and a willingness to bridge cultural and geographic divides. Through this understanding, Alibaba learned to encourage teamwork across all departments and locations, ensuring everyone pulled in the same direction.
Personal investment in the company’s future transforms employees from hired hands into dedicated partners. At Alibaba, early employees received stock options, giving them a personal stake in the company’s success. This wasn’t just about money; it symbolized trust, respect, and recognition of their hard work. With a piece of the future in their hands, team members became more cautious with expenses, more creative in solving problems, and more determined to push through challenging times. They worked in cramped offices, found ways to do more with less, and focused on creating lasting value. Knowing their efforts would shape not only their paychecks but the destiny of an entire platform, employees poured their energy into building something lasting. This kind of personal buy-in turns a job into a shared mission, motivating people to persist when discouragement might otherwise prevail.
As a company matures, sustaining a healthy team culture requires ongoing care. Alibaba demonstrated this by testing the team against the company’s core values during tough times. The idea was simple: if someone did not embrace the company’s beliefs, they might not truly belong. This principle helped the team remain consistent in its purpose and methods. A unified team can share workloads more evenly, reduce conflict, and come together to solve large-scale problems. It becomes a self-reinforcing cycle where success boosts morale, and strong morale leads to even greater success. In the end, forging a resilient team means selecting individuals who appreciate the company’s vision and empowering them to shape it. Without a stable, value-driven team, a company might grow for a while, but it will struggle to maintain its gains in the face of inevitable challenges.
Chapter 8: Expanding With Cultural Sensitivity, Strategic Vision, And A Global Perspective On Evolving Opportunities.
Even if a company finds success in its home country, the world is vast, diverse, and filled with countless other markets. Expanding globally is not just about planting a flag in foreign lands. It requires empathy, cultural understanding, and the patience to learn unfamiliar customs. Alibaba realized that replicating its Chinese operations in a foreign market without adjustment would never work. Each country has its own language, traditions, buying behaviors, and trust patterns. To thrive internationally, businesses must adapt their strategies, products, and user experiences. A one-size-fits-all approach often disappoints customers abroad, who might feel misunderstood or overlooked. True global expansion means respecting local norms, observing how people interact with technology, and modifying platforms to reflect local tastes. This careful approach ensures that a company like Alibaba can cross borders without losing what makes it special.
Strategic vision also involves knowing when to partner with established companies in new regions. Alibaba’s breakthrough deal with Yahoo! allowed the company to access a broader audience and resources that would have been challenging to build from scratch. But this partnership was not a blind leap. It required careful negotiation to ensure that Alibaba’s brand identity and autonomy remained intact. By refusing Yahoo!’s demand to rename the combined entity, Alibaba kept its cultural roots secure. This kind of thoughtful strategy prevents global deals from weakening a company’s core image. Instead, it strengthens its ability to operate across different landscapes, integrating new tools and audiences without sacrificing the values and trust it worked so hard to create at home. A well-executed global vision sees partnerships as bridges, not as compromises that erode what the company stands for.
Another aspect of going global is acknowledging that different regions mature at different paces. While some markets might be ready for cutting-edge features, others may need more basic services first. Alibaba learned to introduce products gradually, respecting each place’s level of technological comfort. This might mean starting with simple, free tools that help people gain confidence before introducing advanced, paid services. By moving at a pace that suits each environment, companies create lasting relationships and broaden their global footprint naturally. Over time, they can also transfer lessons learned in one country to improve their operations elsewhere, building a network of interconnected insights. This helps prevent cultural misunderstandings and ensures that growth in one region supports growth in others, making the entire global ecosystem more stable, adaptable, and ultimately more profitable.
Embracing a global perspective encourages long-term thinking. The world never stops changing. Economic shifts, technological breakthroughs, and cultural transformations continually reshape international markets. A globally aware company sees these changes not as threats but as invitations to learn, innovate, and remain flexible. Embracing diversity in leadership teams, actively studying consumer habits abroad, and maintaining dialogue with local communities all contribute to sustainable global growth. By weaving cultural sensitivity into their strategic vision, businesses like Alibaba stay prepared for the unexpected. They move forward with humility, remembering that what works in one place may not work in another. This steady, adaptable approach keeps them strong and influential as they navigate new territories, build international trust, and spread their positive impact across borders. In this way, global expansion becomes an enriching journey rather than a risky gamble.
All about the Book
Discover the transformative journey of Alibaba and its visionary founder, Jack Ma. This insightful narrative reveals the secrets behind Alibaba’s meteoric rise and its impact on global e-commerce.
Porter Erisman is a renowned filmmaker and senior executive at Alibaba Group, offering unique insights into the company’s inner workings and the evolution of digital commerce.
E-commerce professionals, Entrepreneurs, Digital marketing specialists, Business analysts, Investors
Reading business memoirs, Studying internet trends, Exploring entrepreneurship, Investing, Learning about technology
Challenges of scaling a startup, Navigating cultural differences in business, The importance of innovation, Impact of e-commerce on global markets
Alibaba is not just a company; it’s a philosophy that embraces opportunities and simplifies interactions in the digital age.
Jack Ma, Warren Buffett, Sheryl Sandberg
Best Business Book by Book Authority, Top Business Innovation Award, The International Impact Award
1. What strategies did Alibaba use to dominate e-commerce? #2. How did Alibaba achieve massive global expansion? #3. What role did technology play in Alibaba’s success? #4. How did Alibaba revolutionize online payment systems? #5. What lessons can startups learn from Alibaba’s journey? #6. How did cultural factors influence Alibaba’s business model? #7. What challenges did Alibaba face in its growth? #8. How did Alibaba adapt to changing market demands? #9. What are the key features of Alibaba’s platform? #10. How did partnerships impact Alibaba’s business strategy? #11. What risks did Alibaba encounter during expansion? #12. How does Alibaba empower small and medium enterprises? #13. What is the significance of Alibaba’s logistics network? #14. How did Alibaba navigate regulatory environments? #15. What leadership qualities drove Alibaba’s success? #16. How does Alibaba approach customer engagement and service? #17. What role does data play in Alibaba’s operations? #18. How has Alibaba influenced global e-commerce trends? #19. What can investors learn from Alibaba’s evolution? #20. How did Alibaba foster innovation within its company?
Alibaba, Porter Erisman, eCommerce, Chinese Business, Online Retail, Digital Economy, Business Strategy, Entrepreneurship, Tech Giants, Alibaba Group, Global Trade, Innovation in Business
https://www.amazon.com/Alibabas-World-Porter-Erisman/dp/1118014999
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